Will 17x9 wheels fit on the stock size tires?

 

Yes, but at the limit. 9 inches = 228.6 mm and the '05 tires are 235 mm wide, meaning there are only 3.2 mm (1/8") of rubber on each side of the rim. Beware though, the "lip" of the rim is actually exposed (i.e. not protected by rubber "bulging" over it). The tire is wider than the rim only about mid-height.

I have 17x9" Bullitts with the stock '05 Pirellis. Here are the best shots I could find on the office computer:

 

8.5 is the largest recommended for 235/55/17.

Sure it fits, but its going to look like that, and will effect the way the tire responds to hard cornering.